AI, or artificial intelligence, refers to the ability of machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as learning, problem-solving, perception, and decision making. AI is achieved through the use of algorithms and mathematical models that enable machines to analyze data, recognize patterns, and make decisions based on that analysis. Examples of AI applications include speech recognition, image recognition, natural language processing, and autonomous vehicles. AI is a rapidly advancing field with the potential to transform industries such as healthcare, finance, and transportation, among others, by automating processes and enabling new levels of efficiency and accuracy.